Sage extract and ascorbic acid derivative inhibit melanogenesis via downregulating keratinocyte-derived GM-CSF

• Hirokazu Kubo ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Hirokazu Kubo, Mariko Moriyama

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶These authors contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation R&D Headquarters, KOBAYASHI Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6658-4457

  ⨯
• Mariko Moriyama ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Hirokazu Kubo, Mariko Moriyama

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶These authors contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1277-1841

  ⨯
• Saya Goto,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation

  Affiliation Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, Japan

  ⨯
• Yuko Miyake,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation

  Affiliation Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, Japan

  ⨯
• Maki Nakamura,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation

  Affiliation R&D Headquarters, KOBAYASHI Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan

  ⨯
• Yuki Ozeki,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation

  Affiliation R&D Headquarters, KOBAYASHI Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan

  ⨯
• Yukio Nakamura,

  Roles Funding acquisition

  Affiliation R&D Headquarters, KOBAYASHI Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan

  ⨯
• Hiroyuki Moriyama

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: moriyama@phar.kindai.ac.jp

  Affiliation Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7558-1063

  ⨯