Optimization of Z-shaped assembled mortise and tenon joint box culvert connection and structural characteristics

• Yuntao Yang ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Yuntao Yang

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Transportation Institute, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China

  https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2703-5872

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• Hong Zhang ,

  Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: zhanghong3537@126.com

  Affiliation Transportation Institute, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China

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• Longqi Liu ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ BZ and BS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Transportation Institute, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China

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• Baolei Zhu ,

  Roles Data curation, Project administration, Resources, Software

  ¶‡ BZ and BS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Transportation Institute, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China

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• Bingjie Song

  Roles Data curation, Resources, Software, Writing – original draft

  ¶‡ BZ and BS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Transportation Institute, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China

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