GWOA: A multi-strategy enhanced whale optimization algorithm for engineering design optimization

• Yanzhao Gu,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao 999078, China

  https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7162-4927

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• Junhao Wei,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao 999078, China

  https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0553-2032

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• Zikun Li,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation

  Affiliation School of Economics and Management, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China

  https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4820-1780

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• Baili Lu,

  Roles Investigation, Visualization

  Affiliation College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China

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• Shirou Pan,

  Roles Investigation, Project administration, Resources

  Affiliation College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China

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• Ngai Cheong

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Supervision

  * E-mail: ncheong@mpu.edu.mo

  Affiliation Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao 999078, China

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