Energy evolution law and catastrophic failure prediction of Luohe formation sandstone during rupture process experienced one freeze-thaw cycle

• Liang Zhang,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China

  ⨯
• Jianxi Ren,

  Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision

  Affiliation School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China

  ⨯
• Mengchen Yun ,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: yunmc1019@163.com

  Affiliation School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China

  ⨯
• Yichen Zhang,

  Roles Data curation, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China

  ⨯
• Bolong Liu,

  Roles Formal analysis, Validation, Visualization

  Affiliation School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China

  ⨯
• Kun Zhang

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation

  Affiliation School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China

  ⨯