Prevalence of HIV drug resistance, its correlates and common mutations among people living with HIV failing on ART in northern Uganda: A cross-sectional study

Francis Kayinda; Phyllis Awor; Twaha Mahaba; Alex M. Muganzi; Joanita Kigozi; Patrick Odong Olwedo; Esther M. Nasuuna; Robert Mutumba; Rhoda Wanyenze

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0320623

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Prevalence of HIV drug resistance, its correlates and common mutations among people living with HIV failing on ART in northern Uganda: A cross-sectional study

Francis Kayinda ,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: kaysfrancis@gmail.com, fkayinda@idi.co.ug

Affiliations Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health science, Kampala, Uganda

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0554-8024

⨯
Phyllis Awor ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Phyllis Awor, Twaha Mahaba, Alex M. Muganzi, Joanita Kigozi, Patrick Odong Olwedo, Esther M. Nasuuna, Robert Mutumba, Rhoda Wanyenze

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
⨯
Twaha Mahaba ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Phyllis Awor, Twaha Mahaba, Alex M. Muganzi, Joanita Kigozi, Patrick Odong Olwedo, Esther M. Nasuuna, Robert Mutumba, Rhoda Wanyenze

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health science, Kampala, Uganda
⨯
Alex M. Muganzi ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Phyllis Awor, Twaha Mahaba, Alex M. Muganzi, Joanita Kigozi, Patrick Odong Olwedo, Esther M. Nasuuna, Robert Mutumba, Rhoda Wanyenze

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health science, Kampala, Uganda
⨯
Joanita Kigozi ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Phyllis Awor, Twaha Mahaba, Alex M. Muganzi, Joanita Kigozi, Patrick Odong Olwedo, Esther M. Nasuuna, Robert Mutumba, Rhoda Wanyenze

Roles Data curation, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health science, Kampala, Uganda
⨯
Patrick Odong Olwedo ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Phyllis Awor, Twaha Mahaba, Alex M. Muganzi, Joanita Kigozi, Patrick Odong Olwedo, Esther M. Nasuuna, Robert Mutumba, Rhoda Wanyenze

Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Medical Department, Yumbe Regional Referral Hospital, Yumbe, Uganda
⨯
Esther M. Nasuuna ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Phyllis Awor, Twaha Mahaba, Alex M. Muganzi, Joanita Kigozi, Patrick Odong Olwedo, Esther M. Nasuuna, Robert Mutumba, Rhoda Wanyenze

Roles Data curation, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health science, Kampala, Uganda
⨯
Robert Mutumba ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Phyllis Awor, Twaha Mahaba, Alex M. Muganzi, Joanita Kigozi, Patrick Odong Olwedo, Esther M. Nasuuna, Robert Mutumba, Rhoda Wanyenze

Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation STD/AIDS control program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
⨯
Rhoda Wanyenze

Contributed equally to this work with: Phyllis Awor, Twaha Mahaba, Alex M. Muganzi, Joanita Kigozi, Patrick Odong Olwedo, Esther M. Nasuuna, Robert Mutumba, Rhoda Wanyenze

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
⨯

Prevalence of HIV drug resistance, its correlates and common mutations among people living with HIV failing on ART in northern Uganda: A cross-sectional study

Francis Kayinda,
Phyllis Awor,
Twaha Mahaba,
Alex M. Muganzi,
Joanita Kigozi,
Patrick Odong Olwedo,
Esther M. Nasuuna,
Robert Mutumba,
Rhoda Wanyenze

Published: August 5, 2025
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320623

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