Can deepfakes manipulate us? Assessing the evidence via a critical scoping review

• Didier Ching ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: d.ching@umail.ucc.ie

  Affiliations School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Lero the Research Ireland Centre for Software, Limerick, Ireland

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6475-1119

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• John Twomey,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Lero the Research Ireland Centre for Software, Limerick, Ireland

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5493-8518

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• Matthew P. Aylett,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations CereProc Ltd, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, University of Heriot Watt, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

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• Michael Quayle,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Lero the Research Ireland Centre for Software, Limerick, Ireland, Centre for Social Issues Research and Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland, Department of Psychology, School of Applied Human Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa

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• Conor Linehan,

  Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Lero the Research Ireland Centre for Software, Limerick, Ireland

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7654-6697

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• Gillian Murphy

  Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Lero the Research Ireland Centre for Software, Limerick, Ireland

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