Centralized scheduling, decentralized scheduling or demand scheduling? How to more effectively allocate and recycle shared takeout lunch boxes

• Yuntao Bai ,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft

  ¶☯ These authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.

  Affiliation Business School, Shandong Management University, Jinan, China

  ⨯
• Di Liu ,

  Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: liudi_dufe@163.com

  ¶☯ These authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.

  Affiliation Center for Industrial and Business Organization, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, China

  https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5365-3198

  ⨯
• Jili Ma

  Roles Software, Supervision, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, China

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