Spatial analysis of unimproved drinking water source in East Africa: Using Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 2012–2023

• Lidetu Demoze ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: lidetudemoze12@gmail.com

  Affiliation Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia,

  https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8906-0689

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• Kassaw Chekole Adane,

  Roles Formal analysis, Software, Supervision

  Affiliation Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia,

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• Jember Azanaw,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Software, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia,

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• Eyob Akalewold,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Software, Validation, Visualization

  Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia,

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• Tenagne Enawugaw,

  Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Validation

  Affiliation Department of Human physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia,

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• Mitkie Tigabie,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Validation

  Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and laboratory science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia,

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• Amensisa Hailu Tesfaye,

  Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia,, Institute for Sustainable Futures, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

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• Gelila Yitageasu

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Software, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia,

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