A framework for assessing reliability of observer annotations of aerial wildlife imagery, with insights for deep learning applications

Rowan L. Converse; Christopher D. Lippitt; Steven E. Sesnie; Grant M. Harris; Matthew J. Butler; David R. Stewart

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0316832

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

A framework for assessing reliability of observer annotations of aerial wildlife imagery, with insights for deep learning applications

Rowan L. Converse ,

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

* E-mail: rowanconverse@unm.edu

Affiliations Center for the Advancement of Spatial Informatics Research and Education, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-0926

⨯
Christopher D. Lippitt,

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Center for the Advancement of Spatial Informatics Research and Education, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7979-7857

⨯
Steven E. Sesnie,

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Biological Sciences, US Fish and Wildlife Southwest Regional Office, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
⨯
Grant M. Harris,

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Biological Sciences, US Fish and Wildlife Southwest Regional Office, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
⨯
Matthew J. Butler,

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Biological Sciences, US Fish and Wildlife Southwest Regional Office, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
⨯
David R. Stewart

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Biological Sciences, US Fish and Wildlife Southwest Regional Office, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
⨯

A framework for assessing reliability of observer annotations of aerial wildlife imagery, with insights for deep learning applications

Rowan L. Converse,
Christopher D. Lippitt,
Steven E. Sesnie,
Grant M. Harris,
Matthew J. Butler,
David R. Stewart

Published: January 15, 2025
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316832

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