Inherent stochasticity, noise and limits of detection in continuous and time-gated fluorescence systems

• Nicholas H. Vitale ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: nhvitale@stanford.edu

  Affiliation Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9735-2747

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• Arjang Hassibi,

  Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

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• Hyongsok Tom Soh,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

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• Boris Murmann,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

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• Thomas H. Lee

  Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

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