The co-occurrence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy among middle-aged and older adults in Canada: A cross-sectional study using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) and the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN)

• Kathryn Nicholson ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Kathryn Nicholson, Jennifer Salerno, Dee Mangin

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: kathryn.nicholson@schulich.uwo.ca

  Affiliations Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9534-4724

  ⨯
• Jennifer Salerno ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Kathryn Nicholson, Jennifer Salerno, Dee Mangin

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

  ⨯
• Sayem Borhan ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

  ⨯
• Benoit Cossette ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada

  ⨯
• Dale Guenter ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

  ⨯
• Meredith Vanstone ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

  ⨯
• John Queenan ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Family Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

  ⨯
• Michelle Greiver ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

  ⨯
• Michelle Howard ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8127-5492

  ⨯
• Amanda L. Terry ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliations Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Family Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada, Interfaculty Program in Public Health, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

  ⨯
• Tyler Williamson ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

  ⨯
• Lauren E. Griffith ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

  ⨯
• Martin Fortin ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada

  ⨯
• Saverio Stranges ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SB, BC, DG, MV, JQ, MG, MH, ALT, TW, LEG, MF and SS also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliations Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Family Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II University, Naples, Italy

  ⨯
• Dee Mangin

  Contributed equally to this work with: Kathryn Nicholson, Jennifer Salerno, Dee Mangin

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Department of Primary Care and Clinical Simulation, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand

  ⨯