Wastewater surveillance overcomes socio-economic limitations of laboratory-based surveillance when monitoring disease transmission: The South African experience during the COVID-19 pandemic

• Gillian Maree ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: gillian.maree@gcro.ac.za

  Affiliation Gauteng City-Region Observatory (GCRO), a Partnership of the University of Johannesburg, the University of the Witwatersrand, the Gauteng Provincial Government and Organised Local Government in Gauteng (SALGA), Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7952-6659

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• Fiona Els,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Gauteng City-Region Observatory (GCRO), a Partnership of the University of Johannesburg, the University of the Witwatersrand, the Gauteng Provincial Government and Organised Local Government in Gauteng (SALGA), Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa, Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4169-813X

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• Yashena Naidoo,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Gauteng City-Region Observatory (GCRO), a Partnership of the University of Johannesburg, the University of the Witwatersrand, the Gauteng Provincial Government and Organised Local Government in Gauteng (SALGA), Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3171-448X

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• Laven Naidoo,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Gauteng City-Region Observatory (GCRO), a Partnership of the University of Johannesburg, the University of the Witwatersrand, the Gauteng Provincial Government and Organised Local Government in Gauteng (SALGA), Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7091-0566

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• Phemelo Mahamuza,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Gauteng City-Region Observatory (GCRO), a Partnership of the University of Johannesburg, the University of the Witwatersrand, the Gauteng Provincial Government and Organised Local Government in Gauteng (SALGA), Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

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• Mokgaetji Macheke,

  Roles Investigation, Resources

  Affiliation Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

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• Nkosenhle Ndlovu,

  Roles Investigation, Resources

  Affiliation Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

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• Said Rachida,

  Roles Investigation, Resources

  Affiliation Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

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• Chinwe Iwu-Jaja,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0765-7497

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• Setshaba Taukobong,

  Roles Investigation, Resources

  Affiliation Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

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• Sibonginkosi Maposa,

  Roles Project administration, Supervision

  Affiliation Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

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• Kathleen O’Reilly,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

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• Mukhlid Yousif ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These are joint last authors of the paper.

  Affiliations Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa, Department of Virology, School of Pathology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

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• Kerrigan McCarthy

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These are joint last authors of the paper.

  Affiliations Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa, Department of Virology, School of Pathology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

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