Treponema pallidum genetic diversity and its implications for targeted vaccine development: A cross-sectional study of early syphilis cases in Southwestern Colombia

• Juan C. Salazar ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: jsalaza@connecticutchildrens.org

  Affiliations Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America, Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America, Division of Infectious Diseases, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT, United States of America, Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3881-546X

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• Fabio Vargas-Cely,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3407-4011

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• Jonny A. García-Luna,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia, Division of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-6519

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• Lady G. Ramirez,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia

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• Everton B. Bettin,

  Roles Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America

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• Nelson Romero-Rosas,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia

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• María F. Amórtegui,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia

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• Sebastián Silva,

  Roles Investigation, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia

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• Oscar Oviedo,

  Roles Data curation, Software, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia

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• Julie Vigil,

  Roles Data curation, Project administration

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America

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• Carson J. La Vake,

  Roles Investigation, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America

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• Ximena Galindo,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Corporación de Lucha Contra el SIDA, Cali, Colombia

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• Jose D. Ramirez,

  Roles Investigation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia

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• Alvaro J. Martínez-Valencia,

  Roles Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5641-2392

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• Melissa J. Caimano,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America, Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, United States of America

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• Christopher M. Hennelly,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America

  ⨯
• Farhang Aghakhanian,

  Roles Formal analysis, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America

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• M. Anthony Moody,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC, United States of America, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America, Department of Integrative Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America

  ⨯
• Arlene C. Seña,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America

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• Jonathan B. Parr,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America

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• Kelly L. Hawley,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America, Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America, Division of Infectious Diseases, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT, United States of America, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America

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• Eduardo López-Medina,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia, Centro de Estudios en Infectología Pediátrica (CEIP), Cali, Colombia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3066-5938

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•  [ ... ],
• Justin D. Radolf

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America, Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America, Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America, Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, United States of America

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