Validation of morphological ear classification devised by principal component analysis using three-dimensional images for human identification

• Hitoshi Biwasaka,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

  Affiliations Forensic Science Laboratory, Iwate Prefectural Police Headquarters, Iwate, Japan, Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Forensic Science, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan

  ⨯
• Akihito Usui,

  Roles Data curation

  Affiliation Department of Diagnostic Image Analysis, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-7496

  ⨯
• Masataka Takamiya,

  Roles Data curation

  Affiliation Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Forensic Science, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan

  ⨯
• Nikolaos Angelakopoulos,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

  ⨯
• Roberto Cameriere,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Medicine and Health Science “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Age Estimation Project, Campobasso, Italy

  ⨯
• Akiko Kumagai

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: kumagaia@iwate-med.ac.jp

  Affiliation Division of Forensic Odontology and Disaster Oral Medicine, Department of Forensic Science, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3021-4443

  ⨯