Hibernating or not hibernating? Brown bears’ response to a mismatch between environmental natural cues and captive management, and its welfare implications

• Paolo Dori ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Paolo Dori, Monica Carosi

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: paolo.dori@uniroma3.it (PD); monica.carosi@uniroma3.it (MC)

  Affiliation Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy

  https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6615-9252

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• Isabella Anastasio ,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology

  ¶‡ IA and EM also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

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• Elisabetta Macchi ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Validation

  ¶‡ IA and EM also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1074-1668

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• Isabella Manenti,

  Roles Data curation

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7110-0960

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• Maik Hones,

  Roles Resources, Supervision

  Affiliation Zoosafari di Fasano, Fasano, Italy

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• Monica Carosi

  Contributed equally to this work with: Paolo Dori, Monica Carosi

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: paolo.dori@uniroma3.it (PD); monica.carosi@uniroma3.it (MC)

  Affiliation Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1377-2942

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