Label-free single-vesicle based surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy: A robust approach for investigating the biomolecular composition of small extracellular vesicles

• Zirui Liu ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Zirui Liu, Martin Ng

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2621-7529

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• Martin Ng ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Zirui Liu, Martin Ng

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, United States of America

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• Siddharth Srivastava,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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• Tieyi Li,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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• Jun Liu,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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• Tuan Anh Phu,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, United States of America

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• Bogdan Mateescu,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Methodology

  Affiliations Brain Research Institute, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0937-352X

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• Yi-Ting Wang,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

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• Chia-Feng Tsai,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

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• Tao Liu,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

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• Robert L. Raffai ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ RLR and YHX equal senior contribution.

  Affiliations Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Veterans Affairs, Surgical Service (112G), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America

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• Ya-Hong Xie

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: yhx@ucla.edu

  ¶‡ RLR and YHX equal senior contribution.

  Affiliations Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0971-4280

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