Design and preliminary verification of a novel powered ankle–foot prosthesis: From the perspective of lower-limb biomechanics compared with ESAR foot

• Jingjing Liu ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: kva190023@siswa.um.edu.my (JL); azuan@um.edu.my (NAAO)

  Affiliations Centre for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4938-8731

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• Jingang Liu,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China

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• Pei Yi Cheah,

  Roles Software

  Affiliation Centre for Sports and Exercise Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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• Mouaz Al Kouzbary,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology

  Affiliation Centre for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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• Hamza Al Kouzbary,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology

  Affiliation Centre for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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• Selina X. Yao,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1959-6812

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• Hanie Nadia Shasmin,

  Roles Project administration

  Affiliation Centre for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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• Nooranida Arifin,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centre for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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• Nasrul Anuar Abd Razak,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Centre for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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• Noor Azuan Abu Osman

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: kva190023@siswa.um.edu.my (JL); azuan@um.edu.my (NAAO)

  Affiliations Centre for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, The Chancellery, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia

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