Causal inference in ethnographic research: Refining explanations with abductive logic, strength of evidence assessments, and graphical models

• Jeffrey G. Snodgrass ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: jeffrey.snodgrass@colostate.edu

  Affiliation Department of Anthropology and Geography, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America

  ⨯
• H. J. François Dengah II,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America

  ⨯
• Seth I. Sagstetter,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Anthropology and Geography, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America

  ⨯
• Katya Xinyi Zhao

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Anthropology and Geography, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America

  ⨯