The hatred of all against all? Evidence from online community platforms in South Korea

• Jeong-Woo Koo,

  Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Sociology and the Social Innovation Convergence Program, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Chan S. Suh,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Sociology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Jin Won Chung ,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: jinwchung@gmail.com

  Affiliation Department of Sociology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

  https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8910-2619

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• Kyung-Ah Sohn,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Software and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea

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• Kyungsik Han

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Data Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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