Mathematical modeling and control of lung cancer with IL₂ cytokine and anti-PD-L1 inhibitor effects for low immune individuals

• Aqeel Ahmad ,

  Roles Formal analysis, Software, Supervision, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: aqeelahmad.740@gmail.com (AA); moinuddin@zjnu.edu.cn (MJ)

  Affiliation Department of Mathematics, Ghazi University, D G Khan, Pakistan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7754-9355

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• Muhammad Owais Kulachi,

  Roles Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Mathematics, Ghazi University, D G Khan, Pakistan

  https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5026-5617

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• Muhammad Farman,

  Roles Software, Writing – original draft

  Affiliations Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Near East University, Northern Cyprus, Turkey, Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-0500

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• Moin-ud-Din Junjua ,

  Roles Formal analysis, Software, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: aqeelahmad.740@gmail.com (AA); moinuddin@zjnu.edu.cn (MJ)

  Affiliation School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1251-1532

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• Muhammad Bilal Riaz,

  Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition

  Affiliation IT4Innovations, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic

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• Sidra Riaz

  Roles Software, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Mathematical Research Center, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Near East University, Northern Cyprus, Turkey

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