Lower doses of carvedilol in Japanese heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction could show the potential to be non-inferior to higher doses in US patients: An international collaborative observational study

• Makiko Maeda ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: makikom@phs.osaka-u.ac.jp (MM); smtsunoda@health.ucsd.edu (SMT)

  Affiliations Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Medical Center for Translational Research, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan, Department of Molecular Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4408-7019

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• Douglas Humber,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America, San Diego Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America

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• Eisuke Hida,

  Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

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• Tomohito Ohtani,

  Roles Methodology, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

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• Guannan Wang,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America

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• Tong Wu,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Medical Center for Translational Research, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan

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• Shiori Takeda,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation

  Affiliation Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

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• Jacinta N. Situ,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Medical Center for Translational Research, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan

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• Jun Hayashi,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

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• Shinpei Nonen,

  Roles Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Pharmacy, Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan

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• Toshihiro Takeda,

  Roles Data curation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Medical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

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• Hiroshi Okamoto,

  Roles Data curation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Aishin-Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan

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• Masatsugu Hori,

  Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan

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• Yasushi Sakata,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

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• Yasushi Fujio,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

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•  [ ... ],
• Shirley M. Tsunoda

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: makikom@phs.osaka-u.ac.jp (MM); smtsunoda@health.ucsd.edu (SMT)

  Affiliations Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America, San Diego Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America

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