Optimal performance of stand-alone hybrid microgrid systems based on integrated techno-economic-environmental energy management strategy using the grey wolf optimizer

• Ahmed Sahib Tukkee ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ahmed Sahib Tukkee, Noor Izzri bin Abdul Wahab

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: GS59655@student.upm.edu.my

  Affiliations Advanced Lightning Power and Energy Research (ALPER), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia, Department of Construction and Projects, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3442-0172

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• Noor Izzri bin Abdul Wahab ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ahmed Sahib Tukkee, Noor Izzri bin Abdul Wahab

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Advanced Lightning Power and Energy Research (ALPER), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9042-9796

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• Nashiren Farzilah binti Mailah ,

  Roles Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ NFM and MKBH also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Advanced Lightning Power and Energy Research (ALPER), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0166-1156

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• Mohd Khair Bin Hassan

  Roles Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ NFM and MKBH also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Advanced Lightning Power and Energy Research (ALPER), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia

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