Recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in India: Findings from the 2019–2021 nationwide community-based TB prevalence survey

• Prathiksha Giridharan,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai, India

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9048-8905

  ⨯
• Sriram Selvaraju ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: padmapriyadarsi.nic@icmr.gov.in (CP); selvaraju.s@icmr.gov.in (SS)

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai, India

  ⨯
• Raghuram Rao,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Central TB Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India

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• Kiran Rade,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation National Professional Officer, WHO Country Office, New Delhi, India

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• Kannan Thiruvengadam,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai, India

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• Smita Asthana ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute for Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3547-1393

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• Rakesh Balachandar ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute for Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

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• Sampada Dipak Bangar ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India

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• Avi Kumar Bansal ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and other Mycobacterial diseases, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India

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• Jyothi Bhat ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute for research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8788-2250

  ⨯
• Debjit Chakraborty ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India

  ⨯
• Vishal Chopra ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation State TB Training and Demonstration Centre (STDC), TB Hospital, Lahori, Punjab, India

  ⨯
• Dasarathi Das ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India

  ⨯
• Shanta Dutta ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India

  ⨯
• Kangjam Rekha Devi ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Dibrugarh, Assam, India

  ⨯
• Sunil Kumar ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation State TB Cell, Trivandrum, Kerala, India

  ⨯
• Avula Laxmaiah ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute for Research in Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

  ⨯
• Major Madhukar ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences Agamkuan, Patna, India

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-9797

  ⨯
• Amarendra Mahapatra ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India

  ⨯
• Suman Sundar Mohanty ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- ICMR-National Institute for Implementation Research on Non-Communicable Diseases, Jodhpur, India

  ⨯
• Chethana Rangaraju ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation National Tuberculosis Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

  ⨯
• Jyotirmayee Turuk ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India

  ⨯
• Kamran Zaman ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Smita Asthana, Rakesh Balachandar, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Avi Kumar Bansal, Jyothi Bhat, Debjit Chakraborty, Vishal Chopra, Dasarathi Das, Shanta Dutta, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Sunil Kumar, Avula Laxmaiah, Major Madhukar, Amarendra Mahapatra, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Chethana Rangaraju, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Kamran Zaman

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Gorakhpur

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0172-7423

  ⨯
• Rajendran Krishnan,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai, India

  ⨯
• Sivakumar Shanmugam,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai, India

  ⨯
• Nishant Kumar,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Central TB Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India

  ⨯
• Rajendra Panduranga Joshi,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Central TB Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India

  ⨯
• Somashekar Narasimhaiah,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation National Tuberculosis Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

  ⨯
• Padmapriyadarsini Chandrasekaran ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: padmapriyadarsi.nic@icmr.gov.in (CP); selvaraju.s@icmr.gov.in (SS)

  Affiliation ICMR- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai, India

  ⨯
• Raman R. Gangakhedkar,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India

  ⨯
•  [ ... ],
• Balram Bhargava

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India

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