Sublethal effects of imidacloprid-contaminated honey stores on colony performance, queens, and worker activities in fall and early winter colonies

• Mark J. Carroll ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Mark J. Carroll, Nicholas J. Brown, Dylan Reitz

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: Mark.Carroll@usda.gov

  Affiliation Carl Hayden Bee Research Center USDA-ARS, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9149-4282

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• Nicholas J. Brown ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Mark J. Carroll, Nicholas J. Brown, Dylan Reitz

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Carl Hayden Bee Research Center USDA-ARS, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America

  ⨯
• Dylan Reitz

  Contributed equally to this work with: Mark J. Carroll, Nicholas J. Brown, Dylan Reitz

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Carl Hayden Bee Research Center USDA-ARS, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America

  ⨯