Tunnel lining crack expansion and maintenance strategy optimization considering train loads: A case study

• Dapeng Wang ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Dapeng Wang, Jingchun Wang

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8322-4103

  ⨯
• Jingchun Wang ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Dapeng Wang, Jingchun Wang

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: wcj36295@163.com

  Affiliation School of Safety Engineering and Emergency Management, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China

  ⨯
• Chengjie Rao,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China

  ⨯
• Xing Niu,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China

  ⨯
• Qiang Xu

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China

  ⨯