Ozone ultrafine bubble water exhibits bactericidal activity against pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity and upper airway and disinfects contaminated healthcare equipment

• Fumio Takizawa,

  Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft

  Affiliations Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9941-8663

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• Hisanori Domon,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2911-826X

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• Takumi Hiyoshi,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision

  Affiliations Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan

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• Hikaru Tamura,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Supervision

  Affiliations Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan

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• Kana Shimizu,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan

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• Tomoki Maekawa,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan

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• Koichi Tabeta,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan

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• Akiomi Ushida,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

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• Yutaka Terao

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: terao@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp

  Affiliations Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4450-5583

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