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Open Access
Peer-reviewed
Research Article
Clinical predictors of encephalitis in UK adults–A multi-centre prospective observational cohort study
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Sylviane Defres ,
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing
* E-mail: sdefres@liverpool.ac.uk
Affiliations Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Kukatharmini Tharmaratnam,
Roles Formal analysis, Validation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Benedict D. Michael,
Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Mark Ellul,
Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Nicholas W. S. Davies,
Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Neurology, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Ava Easton,
Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Encephalitis Society, Malton, United Kingdom
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Michael J. Griffiths,
Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Department of Paediatric Neurology, Alder Hey Hospital Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Maneesh Bhojak,
Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Kumar Das,
Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Hayley Hardwick,
Roles Data curation, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Chris Cheyne,
Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Rachel Kneen,
Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Department of Paediatric Neurology, Alder Hey Hospital Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Antonieta Medina-Lara,
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Health Economics Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Anne Christine Salter,
Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Patient Representative, Encephalitis Society, Malton, United Kingdom
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Nicholas J. Beeching,
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Enitan Carrol,
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Alder Hey Hospital Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Angela Vincent,
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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ENCEPH UK study group ,
¶Membership of the ENCEPH UK study group is provided in the Acknowledgments.
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Marta Garcia-Finana ,
Contributed equally to this work with: Marta Garcia-Finana, Tom Solomon
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Tom Solomon
Contributed equally to this work with: Marta Garcia-Finana, Tom Solomon
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Clinical predictors of encephalitis in UK adults–A multi-centre prospective observational cohort study
- Sylviane Defres,
- Kukatharmini Tharmaratnam,
- Benedict D. Michael,
- Mark Ellul,
- Nicholas W. S. Davies,
- Ava Easton,
- Michael J. Griffiths,
- Maneesh Bhojak,
- Kumar Das,
- Hayley Hardwick
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- Published: August 23, 2023
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282645