Effects of nonantibiotic growth promoter combinations on growth performance, nutrient utilization, digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology, and cecal microflora of broilers

• Zunyan Li ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Zunyan Li, Beibei Zhang

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4714-5197

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• Beibei Zhang ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Zunyan Li, Beibei Zhang

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China

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• Weimin Zhu,

  Roles Resources

  Affiliation Qingdao Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China

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• Yingting Lin,

  Roles Project administration, Resources

  Affiliation College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China

  ⨯
• Jia Chen,

  Roles Resources

  Affiliation Rongcheng Lidao Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Rongcheng, People’s Republic of China

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• Fenghua Zhu ,

  Roles Project administration, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: yxguo1108@qau.edu.cn (YG); zhufenghua1029@126.com (FZ)

  Current address: College of Animal science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China

  ¶‡ FZ and YG also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China

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• Yixuan Guo

  Roles Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: yxguo1108@qau.edu.cn (YG); zhufenghua1029@126.com (FZ)

  Current address: College of Animal science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China

  ¶‡ FZ and YG also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0229-3674

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