Retrospective in silico mutation profiling of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins circulating in Uganda by July 2021: Towards refinement of COVID-19 disease vaccines, diagnostics, and therapeutics

• Steven Odongo ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: steven.odongo@mak.ac.ug

  Affiliations Department of Biotechnical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Center for Biosecurity and Global Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-8897

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• Hedmon Okella,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Center for Biosecurity and Global Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Pharm-Biotechnology and Traditional Medicine Center, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda

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• Christian Ndekezi,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda

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• Moses Okee,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Africa Center of Excellence in Materials, Product Development and Nanotechnology, College of Engineering, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

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• Monica Namayanja,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Center for Biosecurity and Global Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

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• Brian Mujuni,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Africa Center of Excellence in Materials, Product Development and Nanotechnology, College of Engineering, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

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• Yann G. J. Sterckx,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein, Wilrijk, Belgium

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• Dennison Kizito,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda

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• Magdalena Radwanska,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

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• Stefan Magez,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

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• Kokas Ikwap,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biomolecular Resources, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

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• Frank Nobert Mwiine,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biomolecular Resources, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

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• Julius Julian Lutwama,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda

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• Charles Ibingira

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

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