What factors contribute to the need for physical restraint in institutionalized residents in Taiwan?

• Ching-Fang Chien ,

  Roles Writing – original draft

  ¶‡ This author worked as first author on this work.

  Affiliations Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5036-0109

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• Ling-Chun Huang,

  Roles Data curation

  Affiliations Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Yang-Pei Chang,

  Roles Project administration

  Affiliations Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1021-2643

  ⨯
• Chung-Fen Lin,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Chih-Cheng Hsu ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Resources

  * E-mail: endlessyhy@gmail.com (YHY); cch@nhri.edu.tw (CCH)

  Affiliations Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Department of Family Medicine, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei City, Taiwan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4563-4341

  ⨯
• Yuan-Han Yang

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: endlessyhy@gmail.com (YHY); cch@nhri.edu.tw (CCH)

  Affiliations Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1918-9021

  ⨯