Explicit and implicit attitudes toward smoking: Dissociation of attitudes and different characteristics for an implicit attitude in smokers and nonsmokers

• Xinyue Gao,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Validation, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

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• Daisuke Sawamura,

  Roles Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

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• Ryuji Saito,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation

  Affiliation Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1925-7044

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• Yui Murakami,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliations Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Faculty of Human Sciences, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, Eniwa, Japan

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• Rika Yano,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

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• Satoshi Sakuraba,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation School of Rehabilitation Science, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari, Japan

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• Susumu Yoshida,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation School of Rehabilitation Science, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5135-7507

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• Shinya Sakai,

  Roles Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

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• Kazuki Yoshida

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: ot-k-yoshida@huhp.hokudai.ac.jp

  Affiliation Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-6274

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