How to effectively control vertical collusion in bidding for government investment projects-Based on fsQCA method

• Chongsen Ma ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Chongsen Ma, Yun Chen

  Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: machongsen@stu.csust.edu.cn

  Affiliation School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Hu Nan, China

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-2300

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• Yun Chen ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Chongsen Ma, Yun Chen

  Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Supervision

  Affiliation School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Hu Nan, China

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• Wenxi Zhu ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work

  Affiliation School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Hu Nan, China

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• Liang Ou

  Roles Formal analysis

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work

  Affiliation School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Hu Nan, China

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