An evolutionary algorithm based on approximation method and related techniques for solving bilevel programming problems

• Yuhui Liu ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Yuhui Liu, Hecheng Li

  Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: liuyuhui_02@163.com (YL); lihecheng@qhnu.edu.cn (HL)

  Affiliation School of Mathematics and Physics, Qinghai University, Xining, China

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2279-3019

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• Hecheng Li ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Yuhui Liu, Hecheng Li

  Roles Methodology

  * E-mail: liuyuhui_02@163.com (YL); lihecheng@qhnu.edu.cn (HL)

  Affiliation School of Mathematics and Statistics, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China

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• Huafei Chen,

  Roles Data curation

  Affiliation School of Mathematics and Statistics, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China

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• Mei Ma

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation School of Mathematics and Statistics, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China

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