Self-powered acceleration sensors arrayed by swarm intelligence for table tennis umpiring system

• Ke Lu ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Validation, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China

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• Chaoran Liu ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: liucr@hdu.edu.cn (CL); donglinxi@hdu.edu.cn (LD); ruizhi.sha@gmail.com (RS)

  Affiliation Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9569-4903

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• Haiyang Zou ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America

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• Yishao Wang ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

  Roles Software, Validation

  Affiliation Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China

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• Gaofeng Wang ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

  Roles Funding acquisition

  Affiliation Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8599-7249

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• Dujuan Li ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China

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• Kai Fan ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China

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• Weihuang Yang ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

  Roles Supervision

  Affiliation Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China

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• Linxi Dong ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

  Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: liucr@hdu.edu.cn (CL); donglinxi@hdu.edu.cn (LD); ruizhi.sha@gmail.com (RS)

  Affiliation Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China

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• Ruizhi Sha ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

  Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: liucr@hdu.edu.cn (CL); donglinxi@hdu.edu.cn (LD); ruizhi.sha@gmail.com (RS)

  Affiliation State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, System Engineering Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

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• Dongyang Li

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

  Roles Software

  Affiliation Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

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