Alterations in the molecular composition of COVID-19 patient urine, detected using Raman spectroscopic/computational analysis

• John L. Robertson ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: drbob@vt.edu

  ¶‡ JLR, RSS and JT are joint senior authors on this work.

  Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, College of Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America, Section of Nephrology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America, DialySensors Incorporated, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4361-999X

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• Ryan S. Senger ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ JLR, RSS and JT are joint senior authors on this work.

  Affiliations DialySensors Incorporated, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America, Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

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• Janine Talty ,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – original draft

  ¶‡ JLR, RSS and JT are joint senior authors on this work.

  Affiliation Clinical Biomechanics and Orthopedic Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, United States of America

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• Pang Du ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pang Du, Amr Sayed-Issa, Maggie L. Avellar, Lacey T. Ngo, Mariana Gomez De La Espriella, Tasaduq N. Fazili, Jasmine Y. Jackson-Akers, Georgi Guruli, Giuseppe Orlando

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Writing – original draft

  Affiliations DialySensors Incorporated, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America, Department of Statistics, College of Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1365-4831

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• Amr Sayed-Issa ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pang Du, Amr Sayed-Issa, Maggie L. Avellar, Lacey T. Ngo, Mariana Gomez De La Espriella, Tasaduq N. Fazili, Jasmine Y. Jackson-Akers, Georgi Guruli, Giuseppe Orlando

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation DialySensors Incorporated, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

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• Maggie L. Avellar ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pang Du, Amr Sayed-Issa, Maggie L. Avellar, Lacey T. Ngo, Mariana Gomez De La Espriella, Tasaduq N. Fazili, Jasmine Y. Jackson-Akers, Georgi Guruli, Giuseppe Orlando

  Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

  Affiliations DialySensors Incorporated, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

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• Lacey T. Ngo ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pang Du, Amr Sayed-Issa, Maggie L. Avellar, Lacey T. Ngo, Mariana Gomez De La Espriella, Tasaduq N. Fazili, Jasmine Y. Jackson-Akers, Georgi Guruli, Giuseppe Orlando

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology

  Affiliation DialySensors Incorporated, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

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• Mariana Gomez De La Espriella ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pang Du, Amr Sayed-Issa, Maggie L. Avellar, Lacey T. Ngo, Mariana Gomez De La Espriella, Tasaduq N. Fazili, Jasmine Y. Jackson-Akers, Georgi Guruli, Giuseppe Orlando

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Internal Medicine/Infectious Disease, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, Virginia, United States of America

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• Tasaduq N. Fazili ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pang Du, Amr Sayed-Issa, Maggie L. Avellar, Lacey T. Ngo, Mariana Gomez De La Espriella, Tasaduq N. Fazili, Jasmine Y. Jackson-Akers, Georgi Guruli, Giuseppe Orlando

  Roles Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Internal Medicine/Infectious Disease, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, Virginia, United States of America

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• Jasmine Y. Jackson-Akers ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pang Du, Amr Sayed-Issa, Maggie L. Avellar, Lacey T. Ngo, Mariana Gomez De La Espriella, Tasaduq N. Fazili, Jasmine Y. Jackson-Akers, Georgi Guruli, Giuseppe Orlando

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Internal Medicine/Infectious Disease, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, Virginia, United States of America

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• Georgi Guruli ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pang Du, Amr Sayed-Issa, Maggie L. Avellar, Lacey T. Ngo, Mariana Gomez De La Espriella, Tasaduq N. Fazili, Jasmine Y. Jackson-Akers, Georgi Guruli, Giuseppe Orlando

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Division of Surgical Urology/Urologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

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• Giuseppe Orlando

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pang Du, Amr Sayed-Issa, Maggie L. Avellar, Lacey T. Ngo, Mariana Gomez De La Espriella, Tasaduq N. Fazili, Jasmine Y. Jackson-Akers, Georgi Guruli, Giuseppe Orlando

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America

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