Comparison of individual hive and apiary-level sample types for spores of Paenibacillus larvae in Saskatchewan honey bee operations

• Michael W. Zabrodski ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Michael W. Zabrodski, Jessica E. DeBruyne, Tasha Epp, Elemir Simko

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: michael.zabrodski@usask.ca (MWZ); elemir.simko@usask.ca (ES)

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5331-5805

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• Jessica E. DeBruyne ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Michael W. Zabrodski, Jessica E. DeBruyne, Tasha Epp, Elemir Simko

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• Geoff Wilson ,

  Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ GW, IM, MS, SCW, IVK, JT, CDK, IMM, LS and ACR also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Crops and Irrigation Branch, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of Saskatchewan, Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• Igor Moshynskyy ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ GW, IM, MS, SCW, IVK, JT, CDK, IMM, LS and ACR also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• Mohsen Sharafi ,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ GW, IM, MS, SCW, IVK, JT, CDK, IMM, LS and ACR also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• Sarah C. Wood ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ GW, IM, MS, SCW, IVK, JT, CDK, IMM, LS and ACR also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• Ivanna V. Kozii ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ GW, IM, MS, SCW, IVK, JT, CDK, IMM, LS and ACR also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• Jenna Thebeau ,

  Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ GW, IM, MS, SCW, IVK, JT, CDK, IMM, LS and ACR also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• Colby D. Klein ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ GW, IM, MS, SCW, IVK, JT, CDK, IMM, LS and ACR also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• Igor Medici de Mattos ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ GW, IM, MS, SCW, IVK, JT, CDK, IMM, LS and ACR also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• LaRhonda Sobchishin ,

  Roles Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ GW, IM, MS, SCW, IVK, JT, CDK, IMM, LS and ACR also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• Tasha Epp ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Michael W. Zabrodski, Jessica E. DeBruyne, Tasha Epp, Elemir Simko

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• Antonio C. Ruzzini ,

  Roles Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ GW, IM, MS, SCW, IVK, JT, CDK, IMM, LS and ACR also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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• Elemir Simko

  Contributed equally to this work with: Michael W. Zabrodski, Jessica E. DeBruyne, Tasha Epp, Elemir Simko

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: michael.zabrodski@usask.ca (MWZ); elemir.simko@usask.ca (ES)

  Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

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