Metformin attenuates osteoclast-mediated abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and alleviates osteoarthritis via AMPK/NF-κB/ERK signaling pathway

• Haohui Guo ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ HG and DD contributed equally to this work and are co-first authors.

  Affiliation Orthopedics Ward 3, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, P.R. China

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• Dong Ding ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ HG and DD contributed equally to this work and are co-first authors.

  Affiliation Clinical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, P.R. China

  ⨯
• Limei Wang,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization

  Affiliations Clinical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, P.R. China, Medical College, Qingdao Binhai University, West Coast New District, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China

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• Jiangbo Yan,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation

  Affiliation Clinical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, P.R. China

  ⨯
• Long Ma ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: jinqunhua2020@163.com (QJ); m13014265345@163.com (LM)

  Affiliation Orthopedics Ward 3, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, P.R. China

  ⨯
• Qunhua Jin

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: jinqunhua2020@163.com (QJ); m13014265345@163.com (LM)

  Affiliations Orthopedics Ward 3, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, P.R. China, Clinical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, P.R. China

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-3357

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