Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate directly ameliorates liver fibrosis by inducing hepatic stellate cell apoptosis via downregulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway

• Sung Won Lee ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Project administration, Writing – original draft

  ¶‡ SWL and SMK contributed equally to this work as co-first authors.

  Affiliations Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Centre, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Sung Min Kim ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Validation, Writing – original draft

  ¶‡ SWL and SMK contributed equally to this work as co-first authors.

  Affiliation Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Centre, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Wonhee Hur,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Centre, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Byung-Yoon Kang,

  Roles Investigation, Validation, Visualization

  Affiliation Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Centre, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Hae Lim Lee,

  Roles Formal analysis, Validation

  Affiliations Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Centre, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Heechul Nam,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation

  Affiliations Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Centre, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Sun Hong Yoo,

  Roles Data curation, Validation, Visualization

  Affiliations Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Centre, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Pil Soo Sung,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition

  Affiliations Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Centre, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Jung Hyun Kwon,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis

  Affiliations Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Centre, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Jeong Won Jang,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis

  Affiliations Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Centre, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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• Seong-Jun Kim,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation

  Affiliation Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

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• Seung Kew Yoon

  Roles Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: yoonsk@catholic.ac.kr

  Affiliations Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University Liver Research Centre, POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4476-4868

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