Calf/female ratio and population dynamics of wild forest reindeer in relation to wolf and moose abundances in a managed European ecosystem

• Ilpo Kojola ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: ilpo.kojola@luke.fi

  Affiliation Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Ounasjoentie, Rovaniemi, Finland

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2866-5090

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• Ville Hallikainen,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Ounasjoentie, Rovaniemi, Finland

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• Samuli Heikkinen,

  Roles Conceptualization

  Affiliation Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Paavo Havaksentie, Oulu, Finland

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• Jukka T. Forsman,

  Roles Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Paavo Havaksentie, Oulu, Finland

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• Tuomas Kukko,

  Roles Data curation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Survontie, Jyväskylä, Finland

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• Jyrki Pusenius,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Yliopistonkatu, Joensuu, Finland

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• Paasivaara Antti

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Paavo Havaksentie, Oulu, Finland

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