Paramedic interactions with the packaging of medications and medical supplies: Poor package design has the potential to impact patient outcomes

• Jiyon Lee ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Jiyon Lee, Laura Bix

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Packaging, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America

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• Rebecca E. Cash ,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United states of America

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work

  Affiliations Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America, Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America

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• Remle P. Crowe ,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: ESO Solutions, Austin, TX, United states of America

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work

  Affiliations Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America, Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America

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• Hyokyoung G. Hong ,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work

  Affiliation Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America

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• Ashish R. Panchal ,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work

  Affiliations Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America, Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America

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• Kami Silk,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Communications, University of Delaware, Newark Delaware, Delaware, United States of America

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• Marvin Helmker,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Community Paramedic Program, Lansing Community College (LCC), Lansing, MI, United States of America

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• Laura Bix

  Contributed equally to this work with: Jiyon Lee, Laura Bix

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: bixlaura@msu.edu

  Affiliation School of Packaging, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5779-7474

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