S-ketamine in patient-controlled analgesia reduces opioid consumption in a dose-dependent manner after major lumbar fusion surgery: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

• Elina C. V. Brinck ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Elina C. V. Brinck, Taru Virtanen

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Department of Anesthesiology, Töölö Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

  Affiliations Division of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, Töölö Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5514-6654

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• Taru Virtanen ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Elina C. V. Brinck, Taru Virtanen

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

  Affiliation Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5442-6336

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• Sanna Mäkelä,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Division of Perioperative Services, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Management; Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

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• Venla Soini,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Division of the musculoskeletal system at Turku University Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

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• Ville-Veikko Hynninen,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Division of Perioperative Services, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Management; Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

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• Jukka Mulo,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Division of Perioperative Services, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Management; Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

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• Urmas Savolainen,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Division of Perioperative Services, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Management; Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

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• Juho Rantakokko,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Division of the musculoskeletal system at Turku University Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

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• Kreu Maisniemi,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Division of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, Töölö Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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• Antti Liukas,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

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• Klaus T. Olkkola,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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• Vesa Kontinen,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Division of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, Jorvi Hospital, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2603-3807

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• Pekka Tarkkila,

  Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Division of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, Töölö Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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• Marko Peltoniemi,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

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• Teijo I. Saari

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: teisaa@utu.fi

  Current address: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

  Affiliations Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Turku, Turku, Finland, Division of Perioperative Services, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Management; Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1225-4561

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