Achalasia is associated with a higher incidence of depression in outpatients in Germany

• Sven H. Loosen ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SHL and JK share first authorship on this work. KK and CR share senior authorship on this work.

  Affiliation Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

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• Jennis Kandler ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SHL and JK share first authorship on this work. KK and CR share senior authorship on this work.

  Affiliation Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

  ⨯
• Tom Luedde,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

  ⨯
• Karel Kostev ,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ SHL and JK share first authorship on this work. KK and CR share senior authorship on this work.

  Affiliation Epidemiology, IQVIA, Frankfurt, Germany

  ⨯
• Christoph Roderburg

  Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: christoph.roderburg@med.uni-duesseldorf.de

  ¶‡ SHL and JK share first authorship on this work. KK and CR share senior authorship on this work.

  Affiliation Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1409-7697

  ⨯