The robust estimation of examinee ability based on the four-parameter logistic model when guessing and carelessness responses exist

• Xiaozhu Jian ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Xiaozhu Jian, Dai Buyun, Deng Yuanping

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Educational Department, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, School of Educational, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi Province, China

  ⨯
• Dai Buyun ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Xiaozhu Jian, Dai Buyun, Deng Yuanping

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: 99341655@qq.com

  Affiliation School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9451-4680

  ⨯
• Deng Yuanping

  Contributed equally to this work with: Xiaozhu Jian, Dai Buyun, Deng Yuanping

  Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Educational, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China

  ⨯