Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) transiently stimulates the rate of mineralization in a 3-dimensional ring culture model of osteogenesis

• Paul D. Benya,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1060-7127

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• Aaron Kavanaugh,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1425-7221

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• Martin Zakarian,

  Roles Investigation, Visualization

  Current address: UCLA AIDS Institute, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

  Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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• Philip Söderlind,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation Department of Architecture and Urban Design, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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• Tea Jashashvili,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

  Affiliation Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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• Nianli Zhang,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Orthofix Medical Inc., Lewisville, Texas, United States of America

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• Erik I. Waldorff,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Orthofix Medical Inc., Lewisville, Texas, United States of America

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• James T. Ryaby,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Orthofix Medical Inc., Lewisville, Texas, United States of America

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• Fabrizio Billi

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: f.billi@ucla.edu

  Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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