Executive functions form a single construct and are associated with schooling: Evidence from three low- and middle- income countries

• Charlotte Wray,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, The University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6483-8318

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• Alysse Kowalski,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America

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• Feziwe Mpondo,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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• Laura Ochaeta,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala

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• Delia Belleza,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of San Carlos, Cebu, Philippines

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• Ann DiGirolamo,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Georgia Health Policy Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America

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• Rachel Waford,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America

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• Linda Richter,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3654-3192

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• Nanette Lee,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu, The Philippines

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• Gaia Scerif,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Experimental Psychology, The University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

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• Aryeh D. Stein,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1138-6458

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• Alan Stein ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: Alan.Stein@psych.ox.ac.uk

  Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, The University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

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• COHORTS

  ¶Membership of the COHORTS Group is provided in the Acknowledgments.

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