Combined effects of a topical fluoride treatment and 445 nm laser irradiation of enamel against a demineralization challenge: A light and electron microscopic ex vivo study

• Mohammed Abbood Al-Maliky ,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: s4moalma@uni-bonn.de

  Affiliations Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Center of Applied Medical Laser Research and Biomedical Optics (AMLaReBO), Bonn University, Bonn, Germany, Department of Biomedical Applications, Institute of Laser for Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2149-2852

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• Matthias Frentzen,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Center of Applied Medical Laser Research and Biomedical Optics (AMLaReBO), Bonn University, Bonn, Germany

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• Jörg Meister

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Center of Applied Medical Laser Research and Biomedical Optics (AMLaReBO), Bonn University, Bonn, Germany, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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