Beyond safety drivers: Applying air traffic control principles to support the deployment of driverless vehicles

• Robert C. Hampshire ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Robert C. Hampshire, Andrew Daw, Jamol Pender

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: hamp@umich.edu

  ¶‡ These authors contributed equally to the research conceptualization and investigation and to editing the manuscript.

  Affiliations Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America, Transportation Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5269-3377

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• Shan Bao ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors contributed equally to the research conceptualization and investigation and to editing the manuscript.

  Affiliations Transportation Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America, Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, University of Michigan–Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, United States of America

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• Walter S. Lasecki ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors contributed equally to the research conceptualization and investigation and to editing the manuscript.

  Affiliation Computer Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America

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• Andrew Daw ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Robert C. Hampshire, Andrew Daw, Jamol Pender

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors contributed equally to the research conceptualization and investigation and to editing the manuscript.

  Affiliation Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1758-0200

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• Jamol Pender

  Contributed equally to this work with: Robert C. Hampshire, Andrew Daw, Jamol Pender

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors contributed equally to the research conceptualization and investigation and to editing the manuscript.

  Affiliations Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America, Center for Applied Mathematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America

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