Automaticity in processing spatial-numerical associations: Evidence from a perceptual orientation judgment task of Arabic digits in frames

• Shuyuan Yu ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Shuyuan Yu, Baichen Li

  Roles Software, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Baichen Li ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Shuyuan Yu, Baichen Li

  Roles Software, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands

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• Meng Zhang,

  Roles Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Falculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

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• Tianwei Gong,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization

  Affiliation Falculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

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• Xiaomei Li,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization

  Affiliation Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, United States of America

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• Zhaojun Li,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization

  Affiliation Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Xuefei Gao,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization

  Affiliation School of Psychology & Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia

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• Shudong Zhang ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: psytingjiang@gmail.com (TJ); zsd@bnu.edu.cn (SZ)

  Affiliation Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8571-8895

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• Ting Jiang ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: psytingjiang@gmail.com (TJ); zsd@bnu.edu.cn (SZ)

  Affiliation Falculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

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• Chuansheng Chen

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

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