Barriers to integration of bioinformatics into undergraduate life sciences education: A national study of US life sciences faculty uncover significant barriers to integrating bioinformatics into undergraduate instruction

• Jason J. Williams ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Jason J. Williams, Anne G. Rosenwald, Mark A. Pauley

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States of America

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• Jennifer C. Drew ,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Microbiology and Cell Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America

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• Sebastian Galindo-Gonzalez ,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Agricultural Education and Communication, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America

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• Srebrenka Robic ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biology, Agnes Scott College, Decatur, GA, United States of America

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• Elizabeth Dinsdale ,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States of America

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• William R. Morgan ,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biology, College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, United States of America

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• Eric W. Triplett ,

  Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Microbiology and Cell Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America

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• James M. Burnette III ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0296-6015

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• Samuel S. Donovan ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America

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• Edison R. Fowlks ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, United States of America

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• Anya L. Goodman ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States of America

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• Nealy F. Grandgenett ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Teacher Education, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, United States of America

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• Carlos C. Goller ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America

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• Charles Hauser ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Bioinformatics Program, St. Edward’s University, Austin, TX, United States of America

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• John R. Jungck ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Departments of Biological Sciences and Mathematical Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America

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• Jeffrey D. Newman ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biology, Lycoming College, Williamsport, PA, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0495-4840

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• William R. Pearson ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America

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• Elizabeth F. Ryder ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Biology and Biotechnology Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, United States of America

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• Michael Sierk ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Bioinformatics Program, Saint Vincent College, Latrobe, PA, United States of America

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• Todd M. Smith ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Digital World Biology, PMB, Seattle, WA, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6493-940X

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• Rafael Tosado-Acevedo ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Current address: National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, PR, United States of America.

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Natural Sciences, Inter American University of Puerto Rico, Metropolitan Campus, San Juan, PR, United States of America

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• William Tapprich ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, United States of America

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• Tammy C. Tobin ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biology, Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, PA, United States of America

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• Arlín Toro-Martínez ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, Inter American University of Puerto Rico, San Germán Campus, San Germán, PR, United States of America

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• Lonnie R. Welch ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States of America

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• Melissa A. Wilson ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2614-0285

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• David Ebenbach ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Center for New Designs in Learning and Scholarship, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America

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• Mindy McWilliams ,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Center for New Designs in Learning and Scholarship, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America

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• Anne G. Rosenwald ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Jason J. Williams, Anne G. Rosenwald, Mark A. Pauley

  Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America

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•  [ ... ],
• Mark A. Pauley

  Contributed equally to this work with: Jason J. Williams, Anne G. Rosenwald, Mark A. Pauley

  Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: mpauley@nfs.gov

  Current address: Division of Undergraduate Education, Directorate for Education and Human Resources, National Science Foundation, Alexandria, VA, United States of America.

  Affiliation School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-0321

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