Detection of apoptosis and matrical degeneration within the intervertebral discs of rats due to passive cigarette smoking

• Masahiro Nakahashi,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft

  Affiliations Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Department of Therapeutics for Aging Locomotive Disorders, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan

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• Mariko Esumi ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: esumi.mariko@nihon-u.ac.jp

  Affiliations Department of Therapeutics for Aging Locomotive Disorders, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1236-9860

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• Yasuaki Tokuhashi

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Department of Therapeutics for Aging Locomotive Disorders, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan

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